Sales Negotiation Techniques - Trade-Off and Trial-Balloon Tactic

p>Of all the sales negotiating tactics, the trade-off isapproaches. Having parameters in mind will protect
used most often. Trad­ing is the "heart and soul"you from being pressured by deadlines-artificial or
of negotiating, and, for that reason, it may be thereal. You may also wish to use the subtactic of
most important tactic. Trade-off basically meansnegotiating the deadline itself, and postpone or delay
making an offer (issue) in return for the customer'sit.
concession(s). It's a technique of give-and-take,Trial-Balloon Tactic
voluntarily substituting and bargaining one issue forTrial balloon is a method of presenting the customer
another.with options by prefacing your offer with the words
Here are some critical trade-off guidelines you should"what if . . . ?" You don't commit yourself, but you
use in your negotiating sessions:bring the item up for discussion and, at the same
1) Avoid making concessions too early in thetime, give the customer the first right of refusal. This
negotiation. When you begin too early, it gives thetactic enables you to constantly test the account, to
customer the impression that you will "give" and keepassess and read interests and positions each time
giving, and that will put you under pressure.you put up a trial balloon. Obviously, you have to
2) Concede slowly when making trades. The reasonlisten to re­sponses and use your other sales
is the same as above; conceding too quickly putsskills to evaluate each response. To em­ploy this
you in a weak position and gives the customer atactic effectively, avoid using it too often in a specific
psychological advantage.negotia­tion, and alternate your "what if...?"
3) Concede in progressively diminishing increments.phrases with words like: "Suppose I could..." or "I'm
This is important because it enables you to movenot sure that it can be done, but how would you
slowly in successively smaller steps toward a mutuallyreact if we could... ?"
satisfying position or agreement. For example, if youAn account manager for a major beer distributor
have to concede a discount of 2 percent on yoursupplies a classic example of the trial-balloon tactic. He
first offer, next you could possibly go to 3 percent,had been struggling for some time with one of his
and then to 3 1/2 percent, etc.large package store accounts to set up major
4) Concede in small increments; beware of big jumpsdis­plays, but the customer insisted it couldn't be
that will encourage the customer to make bigdone during high-traffic hours. Unfortunately, the
requests.store was scheduled for delivery at the height of its
5) Don't be the first to make a major concession,rush period. Finally, using the trial-balloon tactic, he
since this again gives the customer a psychologicalsaid, "What if I can get our delivery routing changed
advantage. On the other hand, you gain anto . . . ?" When the customer said yes, the account
advantage by being the first to make a minormanager convinced the routing manager to find a
concession-this indicates a positive, flexible attitude, asuitable window for delivery and got his permanent
willingness to bend and work with the account.display space.
6) Finally, don't concede too much as a deadline